Existentialism Sorer Segregated * Hedge’s Philosophy * Forgot about existence * Makes choices and establishes * “Personal commitment” * “Truth is subjectivity. ” * “Thinks existentially’ Existence – reserved for the individual human being. To exist – an individual who strives, who considers alternatives, who chooses, who decides, and who, above all, makes a commitment. “Think in existence” – to recognize that one is faced with personal choices. Actors vs.. Spectators Actors Spectators * A person who is engaged in conscious activity is said to exist.
The Three Stages Sharp contrast to Hedge’s theory of the gradual development of a person’s self- consciousness * Movement of the self from one level of existence through an act of will, an act of choice * Progressive actualization of the individual * Overcomes the antithesis by the act of personal commitment * “Religious self” – completes his individuality l. Atheistic Stage: “Hedonism” * “Anxiety’ * “Routine” * Man can’t seem to be his real self II. Ethical Stage: “Moral Life” * Social obligation * Man can’t seem to find happiness * Human beings are imperfect * “Guilt” Ill.
Religious Stage: “Personal Faith” “Leap tot taint” * “Doubt” * Objective uncertainty * Diversity Jean Paul Sara© * Cafe© Philosopher * Cafe© – What happens in a cafe©, correlates with human life * Wrote, “Being and Nothingness”, “Existentialism as a Humanism”, “No Exit”, “Nausea”, “The Words” Being and Nothingness (2 Regions of Being) 1. “Being in itself” (“En sol”) * not conscious * not free 2. “Being for itself” (“Pour sol”) * Conscious being * Has freedom * Is conscious -> Existence of man Traits of Man as a Conscious Being 1 . Has consciousness and self consciousness 2.
Has the power of nothingness Nothingness * Absence of things Failed expectations * Absence of Pierre in the cafe© example of nothingness meaningless 3. Man is free and self-determining * “Existence precedes essence” * “Man is nothing but what he makes of himself. ” * Its existence (Cafe©) is * Sartre says, “there is no determinism, man is free, man is freedom! ” * Situations do not determine man’s life, but we determine situations through our decisions/ choices that we make. “On Facility’ * The facts of our lives (I. E. Crisis, situations, educations, the conditions of our environment, genetic structure, culture, etc. Freedom * Allows us to change “Man is condemned to be free! ” * As long as man is alive, man is not free from his freedom. ” * Man was not given the choice to be born * Human freedom is inescapable
